In real life, tardigrades are super tough, but are too big for a Quantum Realm
Image: ©Marvel Studios 2018
Quantum physics is a branch of physics that mostly applies at a tiny scale, affecting atoms or the parts they’re made of. The Quantum Realm in Ant-Man and The Wasp is based on this idea, and the characters need to shrink even smaller than usual enter this place.
Scientists do use the term quantum realm, but it’s about scale (size) not a place. They look at the quantum realm to find out about actions and reactions on the nanoscale. That is, where things are measured in nanometres, or millionths of a millimetre.
What about those strange floating beasts in the Quantum Realm, known as tardigrades? Yes, they exist in the real world and survive extreme conditions including temperatures near the coldest possible temperature, powerful radiation and the vacuum of space. Tardigrades range from 0.1 millimetres to 1.5 millimetres in size so they’re too big for a quantum realm, but they are pretty tough in most existing conditions!
So Ant-Man and The Wasp has a definite basis in science, but it’s still a long way from reality! Our advice? Sit back, suspend your disbelief and enjoy the story.
If you love sorting fact from fiction, grab a copy of Issue 27 of Double Helix magazine. There’s more on superhero science as we explore the reality of sci-fi!